Gunnila Märta Louise Wachtmeister, daughter of Count Nils Wachtmeister af Johannishus and Märta De Geer af Leufsta, was born in Stockholm* on 12 May 1923. In 1942 she married Carl-Herman Bussler, b. 1918, son of Karl-Gerhard Bussler and Catharina Stenbock. Carl-Herman died in 1981, and 7 years later Gunnila married Count Carl Johan, who was a widower.
Gunnila was survived by her children Madeleine, b. 1948, and Carl-Fredrik (Fred), b. 1951. The newspapers which wrote about her death mentioned that she had three children with her first husband, something that was also mentioned on Wikipedia (yes, I know) and which was pointed out in comments to a blog article written by Trond Norén Isaksen yesterday. We also discussed the question about the third child by e-mail. As a third child was not mentioned in the death announcement of Count Carl Johan in 2012, it was easy to conclude that she must have died some time earlier.
Naturally I set out to find out more details about the third child, named Louise. Very soon I found an entry in the Births from the Swedish Death Index, 1901-2006 at Ancestry.com with the following information:
Name: Louise Märtha Catharina Bussler
Birth Date: 17 aug 1943
Birth Place: Hedvig Eleonora, Stockholm, Sverige (Sweden)
Her parents were not listed, however. I posted a message at the Norwegian Digital Archives' users' forum and asked if someone could help me with a look-up in Sveriges Dödbok 1901–2013, which lists all deaths in Sweden in the said period. I was contacted by a fellow genealogist in Norway who had access to «the death book» and could provide me both with the details I needed as well as with a link to a cemetery register I didn't know of (I had checked other online cemetery registers before I asked him about Louise).
While waiting for the look-up I had, by the way, also discovered that Louise was listed in Vem er hvem? Norrland Supplement Register, 1968, p. 551.
In Sveriges Dödbok Louise Bussler was listed as having died on 26 December 1986, last residence was Lund farm in Nyköping (where Fred Bussler lives today). According to the cemetery register, Gravstensinventeringen, she was buried at Bärbo kyrkogård (churchyard) in Nyköping. The register gave, however, 23 December 1986 as her death date, but when I this morning finally discovered that the search result provided a link to a page with more details, I noted that 26 December was inscribed on the gravestone, and that her father Carl-Herman was buried together with her.
The said page also gave the following details: «Far och dotter i graven. C. Bussler var bosatt på Lunds gård, Nyköping. / Bredvid hällen finns ett mindre stenkors med en dotter född 1946 och död samma år. Se detta separat.» («Father and daughter in the grave. C. Bussler lived at Lund farm, Nyköping. / Next to the [grave] plate there is a smaller stone cross with a daughter born 1946 and died the same year. See this separately.»
In other words, there seemed to be a fourth child born to Carl-Herman and Gunnila. The separate entry for the girl buried under the stone cross stated that she was named Catharina and was born on 21 July 1946 and died soon after on 8 August 1946. Sveriges Dödbok informed that she like her elder sister Louise was born in the parish Hedvig Eleonora (Stockholms stad, Uppland), and with Linnégatan 25 as the place of living. The person putting the details into the register had also written that «Bredvid korset finns faderns och en systers gravhäll.» («Next to the cross there is a grave plate for her father and a sister.»)
The evidence that there was in fact a fourth child born to Carl-Herman and Gunnila was strong, but I still felt I needed an independent source which could confirm the relationship. While the cemetery register Gravstensinventeringen as far as I can tell is based on information from visits to cemeteries and from the official cemetery administration, it is maintained by the Swedish Genealogical Society which is also responsible for the publishing of Sveriges Dödbok, so the two sources are not completely independent of each other. The details in the said register about the connection between people buried in the two graves does not come from an official source.
The churchbook which lists births in 1946 is not yet available. In order to find more details I would have to either look for Swedish newspapers published in July and August 1946 or contact the family. The latter would not be very appropriate at the time being, as Fred and Madeleine had just lost their mother and she is not even buried yet.
A selection of Swedish national newspapers is available on microfilm at the National Library in Oslo, but it would take some time before I got the opportunity to go there. Then I thought about Kungliga biblioteket (The National Library of Sweden) in Stockholm, which offers a selection of Swedish newspapers online. When searching for the name Gunnila Bussler for the year of 1946 I got the following results:
- Svenska Dagbladet (and Dagens Nyheter) of 23 July 1946: «Gunnila och Carl H Bussler f Wachtmeister Stockholms Privata Förlossningshem den 21 juli 1946»
- Svenska Dagbladet 10 August 1946: «Gunnila o Carl Herman Bussler»
Now, I don't consider it as a groundbreaking discovery that I have found the details of a fourth child. It is not as if I will soon be invited into the Genealogists' Hall of Fame. But the short-lived child deserves a place in the genealogy books. That Gunnila Bernadotte, Countess of Wisborg, brought four children into the world and survived two of them, is also a story to tell.
* Postscript 15 September 2016
Trond Norén Isaksen commented in an e-mail today that Count Carl Johan Bernadotte had told him that his wife Gunnila was born at Tistad Castle (Tista Palace) in Nyköping municipality, the home of the Wachtmeister noble family that Gunnila was born into. In other words, Stockholm as the given place of birth might not be correct.
Checking Ted Rosvall's Bernadotteättlingar from 2010, the book says on page 60 that Gunnila was born in «Stockholm/Engelbrekt», the latter referring to Engelbrekts församling (Parish of Engelbrekt). Rosvall is quite consistent in listing the parish where the person in question was christened as the place of birth. It is of course quite common that one is born one place but christened another place, even if «in older days» the christening and birth place would normally be the same, as people were born at home. In 1923, on the other hand, many people in higher classes would be born at maternity homes in the bigger cities.
I had some business to do in the library of the Norwegian Genealogical Society today, so I took the time to check the churchbooks in ArkivDigital, which the society has a subscription to.
Gunnila is listed in the churchbooks of both Bärbo församling and Engelbrekts församling:
- 1923 års Födelsebok för Bärbo församling och dess Dopbok (Bärbo C:9 1895-1945 b 850, p. 78) (i.e. Birth book for Bärbo parish and its Book of Christenings)
- 1923 års Födelsebok för Engelbrekts församling och dess Dopbok (Engelbrekts CI:7 1923-1925 b 280, p. 20)
Maybe there was a maternity home in the parish of Engelbrekt in Stockholm? On the website
Sveriges församlingar genom tiderna («Sweden's parishes through the times» one can read that Engelbrekt was separated from Hedvig Eleonora in 1906, and that births at Stocholms Private Förlossningshem (which was the place of birth for Gunnila's daughter Catharina in 1946, see above) was registered in the churchbook for Engelbrekt from 1932 to 1946, so this doesn't help us much. Catharina's birth was nevertheless registered in Hedvig Eleonora according to Sveriges Dödbok.
In other words, we have conflicting information here. Count Carl Johan was close to the person in question, while the entry in the churchbook is much closer in time to the event (the birth of Gunnila), and was quite explisite in stating the place of birth. So for now, I will keep the reference to Stockholm, but it is still important to make a note of Carl Johan's comments. There could have been a misunderstanding, of course. There is no doubt that Gunnila grew up at Tista Castle in Bärbo, Nyköping, even if the birth and christening most likely took place in Stockholm. Maybe other sources, like for instance a midwife report or copy of a passport, could solve the question once and for all sometime in the future?
Interestingly enough, Gunnila's name is spelt Gunnilla in Engelbrekts and Gunnila in Bärbo. The latter is used in official sources later, including Ratsit, which is based on the public register.
Updated on Thursday 15 September 2016 at 10 p.m.(postscript added).
In my books, I try to primarily enter the place of residence as the place of birth. Sometimes that is the only information available. In Gunnila's case that would mean Bärbo. But she was probably born at a maternity home called PRO PATRIA, which is located within Engelbrekt parish in Stockholm. In the 1920s and on, the actual place of birth tended to stick with the child. I know this for a fact, since my own mother is a parallell case: Her family was residing in Sundsvall at the time of her birth in 1923 - but since she too weas born at PRO PATRIA, she was always noted as being born in Stockholm/Engelbrekt. Very confusing, and this mess finally got corrected in 1946, when the residence became the primary birth place in Swedish record keeping. TED
ReplyDeleteThanks for the information!
ReplyDeleteStill, wouldn't it be even more confusing to state the plae of residence as the "primary birth place" if the birth took place for instance in a hospital in the neighbour municipality. In my own works I have usually tried to find the actual place of birth, but have started to wonder if it would make sense to add "place of growing up". In Norway many people have to travel quite a bit in order to give birth, as the number of hospitals etc. providing maternity care has dropped considerably in later years.
ReplyDeleteThe place of Christening was mentioned as an alternative "place of birth", but that would not work at all, especially considering all those that are never Christened. The Place of Residence is a much safer bet, since you can than also find the family in the same parish records.
ReplyDeleteYes, I see your point. In "older days" most people were christened, though. But it wouldn't work well today, as you say.
ReplyDeleteWhen working through Norwegian churchbooks, I will always make note of the residence of the child's parents and then put it as place of birth, at least for the 19th century and earlier. In the 20th century churchbooks (those yet available) one can often, but not always, find comments if a person is born away from home (like for instance the entry for Johan Martin Ferner).
Here in Oslo also the midwife's birth reports are available and they would also (usually) give the place of birth if different from the parents' home address.